The ability to distinguish between facts and faith is crucial for social cohesion. In the realm of knowledge, this skill facilitates constructive dialogue by focusing on evidence rather than opinions. In the realm of belief, it promotes support for freedom of thought, conscience, and religion, recognized as a fundamental right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This country study presents the results of an experiment conducted in France from December 2022 to June 2023, involving approximately 1,800 primary school students. The findings confirm that the benefits of learning the difference between facts and faith are manifold. In particular, this teaching enhances students’ support for freedom of conscience, thus fostering tolerance towards diverse beliefs. It also strengthens their willingness to intervene to prevent a peer from imposing their religious practice. In doing so, this instruction contributes to improving the school climate.