PISA 2022 Results (Volume I)

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3). PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic. See Table I.B1.2.1 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3). PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic. See Table I.B1.2.1 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

** Caution is required when comparing estimates based on PISA 2022 with other countries/economies as a strong linkage to the international PISA reading scale could not be established (see Reader's Guide and Annex A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic.

See Table I.B1.2.2 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

** Caution is required when comparing estimates based on PISA 2022 with other countries/economies as a strong linkage to the international PISA reading scale could not be established (see Reader's Guide and Annex A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic.

See Table I.B1.2.2 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic.

See Table I.B1.2.3 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic.

See Table I.B1.2.3 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic.

See Table I.B1.4.2 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold italic.

See Table I.B1.2.1 for national data.

1. ESCS refers to the PISA index of economic, social and cultural status.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3). PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold. See Table I.B1.4.3 for national data.

1. ESCS refers to the PISA index of economic, social and cultural status.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3). PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold. See Table I.B1.4.3 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold.

See Table I.B1.7.1 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold.

See Table I.B1.7.1 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold.

See Table I.B1.7.17 for national data.

* Caution is required when interpreting estimates because one or more PISA sampling standards were not met (see Reader’s Guide, Annexes A2 and A4).

Notes: Values that are statistically significant are indicated in bold (see Annex A3).

PISA adjudicated region is shown in bold.

See Table I.B1.7.17 for national data.