OECD Economic Surveys: Greece 2024
Basic statistics of Greece, 2023
Copy link to Basic statistics of Greece, 2023(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)
|
LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million) |
10.4 |
Population density per km² |
80.4 |
(39.2) |
|
|
Under 15 (%) |
13.6 |
(17.0) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2022) |
80.6 |
(79.6) |
|
Over 65 (%) |
23.1 |
(18.3) |
Men (2022) |
78.1 |
(77.0) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2020) |
12.9 |
(13.9) |
Women (2022) |
83.3 |
(82.4) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
-0.7 |
(0.4) |
Latest general election |
June |
2023 |
|
ECONOMY |
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|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value added shares (%) |
||||
|
In current prices (billion USD) |
243.5 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
4.3 |
(2.8) |
|
|
In current prices (billion EUR) |
225.2 |
Industry including construction |
18.0 |
(27.2) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
1.8 |
(1.7) |
Services |
77.7 |
(70.0) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP)* |
42.1 |
(59.0) |
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|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT Per cent of GDP |
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|
Expenditure |
49.5 |
(43.9) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2022) |
180.7 |
(109.5) |
|
Revenue |
48.2 |
(39.0) |
Net financial debt (OECD: 2022) |
130.6 |
(67.2) |
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
|||||
|
Exchange rate (EUR per USD) |
0.92 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
|||
|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
0.52 |
Fuels |
32.4 |
||
|
In per cent of GDP |
Metals |
10.2 |
|||
|
Exports of goods and services |
43.7 |
(31.2) |
Chemicals |
9.5 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
48.4 |
(31.2) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
||
|
Current account balance |
-6.5 |
(-0.3) |
Fuels |
27.8 |
|
|
Net international investment position |
-142.4 |
Machinery and electronics |
13.5 |
||
|
Chemicals |
11.6 |
||||
|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
|||||
|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
46.4 |
(58.0) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %) |
11.1 |
(4.8) |
|
Men |
54.9 |
(65.5) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %) |
26.7 |
(10.6) |
|
Women |
38.5 |
(50.8) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %) |
6.2 |
(1.0) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
52.2 |
(60.9) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %) |
34.3 |
(41.0) |
|
Average hours worked per year |
1 897 |
(1 742) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2021) |
1.5 |
(2.9) |
|
ENVIRONMENT |
|||||
|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe) |
1.9 |
(3.7) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes) |
4.6 |
(7.6) |
|
Renewables (%) |
18.7 |
(12.5) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2022) |
1.0 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
96.9 |
(56.5) |
Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2021, OECD: 2022) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|
SOCIETY |
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|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2021, OECD: latest available) |
0.312 |
(0.315) |
Education outcomes (PISA 2022 score) |
||
|
Relative poverty rate (%, 2021, OECD: 2020) |
11.7 |
(11.7) |
Reading |
438 |
(476) |
|
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2021, OECD: 2020) |
17.8 |
(27.5) |
Mathematics |
430 |
(472) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
441 |
(485) |
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|
Health care |
8.4 |
(9.2) |
Share of women in parliament (%) |
23.0 |
(32.8) |
|
Pensions (2019) |
15.7 |
(9.5) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI, 2022) |
0.2 |
(0.4) |
|
Education (public spending, % of GNI, 2021) |
3.1 |
(4.4) |
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Notes: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
*OECD aggregate refers to weighted average.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.