PISA 2018 Questionnaire Framework

This document presents the framework for the background questionnaires for the 2018 cycle of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). These questionnaires are, to a large extent, developed from ones that were used in previous cycles of PISA and, as such, permit the monitoring of trends in student-, school-, and system-level factors that may be related to student outcomes. A variety of constructs are discussed, including student background constructs, schooling constructs, and non-cognitive/metacognitive constructs. The document also makes explicit the link to reading literacy, which is the major domain of this cycle of PISA. The relevance of each of the constructs to policy issues and student outcomes is also highlighted.